Water Erosion and Deposition♥

Runoff

water thta doesn't soak into the ground or evaporate but instead flows across Earth's surface.

Channel

 water moving down the same path create a groove.

Sheet erosion
occurs when water that is flowing as sheet picks up and carries away sediments.

Drainage basin
 is the area of land from which a stream or river collects runoff.

meander
the curve grows and become a broad arc.

Ground water
 water that soaks into the ground collects in these pores and empty spaces and becomes part.

Permeable
describes soil and rock with connecting pores through which water can flow.

Impermeable
water cannot pass through them.

Aquifer
a layer of permeable rock that lets water move more freely.

Water table
the upper surface of this zone.

Spring: forms when the water table meets Earth's surface; ofteb found on hillsides and used as a freshwater source.

Geyser: hot spring that erupts periodically and shoots water and steam into the air.

Cave: underground opening that can form when acidic groundwater dissoleves limestone.



 Longshore current: water that run parallel to the shoreline.

Beach: deposits of sediments that are parallel to the shore.

Fossils

fossil: are the remains, imprints, or traces of prehistoric organism.

Permineralized remains: are fossils in which the spaces inside are filled with monerals from groundwater.

Carbon film: a thin film of carbon residue is left, forming a silhoutte of the original organism.

Mold: the hard part might decay and dissolved, leaving behind a cavity in the rock.

Cast: a type of fossil that forms when crystals fill a mold or sediments wash into a mold and harden into the rock.

Index Fossils: remains of fossils that existed on Earth for a relatively short period of time, where abundant and widespread geographically.

Principle of superposition: states that in udisturbed rock layers, the oldest rocks are on the bottom and the rocks become progressively younger toward the top.

Relative age: is its age in comparison to other thing.

Unconformity: gap in the rock layer that was abundant in Paleozic oceans and is considered to be a index fossil.

Abosute age: age, of a rock or other object; can be determined by using properties of the atoms that make up materials.

Radioactive decay: process of breaking down.

Half-life: time it takes for half the atoms of an isotope to decay.

Radiometric dating: process used to calculate the absolute ageof rock by measuring the ratio of parent isotope to daughter product in a mineral and knowing the half-life of the parent.

Uniformitarianism: principle stating that Earth process ocurring today are similar to those that occured un the past.

Erosion by Gravity

erosion: is a process that wears away surface materials and moves them from one place to another.
deposition:when sediments are eroded, they are not lost from Earth-they are just relocated.
mass movement: is any type of erosion that happens as gravity moves materials downslope.